addendum

Helpful treat dispensers!  One way to help increase exercise for both cats and dogs is to get toys that make them move. There's an amazing variety of toys out there that will stimutate pets' brains, and keep their interest by occasionally popping out a treat. How cool is that? You can even consider putting the whole day's calorie content in a treat ball and letting your pet "hunt" for food all day long. Awesome!

Eat to Live, obesity part IV

OK, guys, so we've discussed how obesity is a health issue of epidemic proportions. And that it is our fault as pet parents. So what do we do about it? Well, the concepts are simple, but I'm the first to admit that the execution can be difficult. Not impossible, though, and well worth the time and effort you will invest.

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Sayings like this are out there because there is at least a grain of truth to them. Start early. Roly-poly puppies are cute, yes, but lean pups are healthier. I don't mean ribs-poking-out skinny, just not watch-the-fat-rolls-shift-as-he-runs chubby. Many puppies come from the breeder a little overweight. They are eating solid foods, but may still be nursing, so they can be over-nutritioned. That's OK, just keep in mind that you will want to monitor weight gain to allow them to slim down as they approach adolescence. In other words, we want to be sure the baby fat goes away.

For dogs, a complete, balanced puppy food will do fine until they either reach a year old or are spayed or neutered, at which time a complete and balanced adult dry food will be fine. A treat of canned food is ok, too, just be aware that the canned foods tend to be calorie dense. You can start with the recommended amount of food on the bag, but if your pet is spayed or neutered, or over the age of 3, he/she will likely need a smaller amount than their bag recommends. So be prepared to cut back. I like to recommend feeding at least twice daily, but you can certainly decrease the amount per feeding and feed more frequently, allowing your dog to share in mealtime patterns. Some vets will tell you that feeding carrots or green beans can add bulk and promote a feeling of fullness with each meal, or as a snack in between. I agree.

The prevention method is good for cats, too. But there are some differences. Cats have very limited calorie requirements compared to dogs. Cats require more protein than dogs do, so their food is higher in protein and sometimes fat. But dry food still has a large percentage of carbohydrates present (that's how it is made into dry food). An increasing number of veterinary nutritionists are recommending a paradigm shift- it is very likely healthier for cats to be on a canned food exclusive diet. I know, this is very different from what we have been told for years- dry food for dental health, right? Not so. Cats on canned food get more protein, which their bodies need, less carbohydrates, which their bodies do not need, and generally seem to do better. The canned food also forces more water into their systems, which is very helpful.

Starting kittens off on canned food diets is great. If you have an older cat who has only eaten dry food, she might not realize canned food is food. Don't panic, and don't force. We adjust all plans to suit the individual.

So, what to do with a pet that is already overweight? Diet, diet, diet. Start by talking to your vet. Make a detailed plan for calorie control, exercise, and periodic weigh-ins. You might be shocked at how much you will need to cut back in calories to get good weight loss, but we are not talking fad diets, or getting into those old jeans in a week!  Weight loss needs to be gradual. Especially for cats. Cats that loose weight too quickly can actually get sick. Their bodies mobilize fat, but instead of using it for energy, they store the fat in their livers, which makes the liver unable to function properly. This is called hepatic lipidosis, or fatty liver disease. It can be life-threatening. So proceed with caution. Dogs are more resilient, but we will get better long term results taking the weight loss slowly.

Good luck! And always enjoy your pets!

dailypets.co.uk

obesity part III- special effects

Obesity is not just cosmetic. It is truly an illness, and increases the chances of developing other illnesses. This is a true for our pets as it is for us.

Arthritis pain can be increased by obesity. All that extra weight increases the impact on joints, aggravating the pain that may have already been present from arthritis, hip dysplasia, or intervertebral disc disease.

surfdogrichocet.com

Diabetes is highly correlated with obesity in pets. Cats are at particular risk of this effect.

Hypertension. Again, cats are at particular risk of increased blood pressure. The hypertension, in turn can have terrible effects of other organs- kidneys and heart in particular.

Heart disease. If the heart has to work harder to push blood through more vessels supplying fat cells, it can show problems with it's ability to pump that blood effectively.

Respiratory (breathing) issues. Dogs that are overweight have an increased risk of cough. They tend to pant more- working harder to move those fat-covered ribs. They seem to snore more, too.

Infections. Skin folds create great spots for bacteria to overgrow and cause skin infections. Extra skin that flaps over the vulva can make dogs more prone to vaginal and bladder infections.

So, there you have it. None of this is new information, but it all leads into the importance of attaining and maintaining a healthy weight.

One last word today. Dogs can have a condition in which the thyroid gland (a gland in the neck that produces hormones that regulate metabolism) under produces thyroid hormone. This is hypothyroidism, and it can decrease the metabolism top the point that dogs gain weight even on reduced calorie diets. Cats are very rarely hypothyroid. Your veterinarian can do blood work to confirm or rule out hypothyroidism, and can prescribe medication when it is present.

Enjoy your pets!

Understanding your Cat's Body Condition

While some pet owners think a fat cat is a healthy cat, there are easy ways to find out if your cat has the ideal body condition. Allowing her to get heavy can have a major impact on her health, mobility and lifespan. Use the following tips to better understand your cat’s body condition and determine if your cat is too thin, ideal or too heavy.

Too Thin

1. Ribs visible on shorthaired cats; no palpable fat; severe abdominal tuck; lumbar vertebrae and wings of ilia easily palpated.

2. Ribs easily visible on shorthaired cats; lumbar vertebrae obvious with minimal muscle mass; pronounced abdominal tuck; no palpable fat.

3. Ribs easily palpable with minimal fat covering; lumbar vertebrae obvious; obvious waist behind ribs; minimal abdominal fat.

4. Ribs palpable with minimal fat covering; noticeable waist behind ribs; slight abdominal tuck; abdominal fat pad absent.

Ideal

5. Well-proportioned; observe waist behind ribs; ribs palpable with slight fat covering; abdominal fat pad minimal.

Too Heavy

6. Ribs palpable with slight excess fat covering; waist and abdominal fat pad distinguishable but not obvious; abdominal tuck absent.

7. Ribs not easily palpated with moderate fat covering; waist poorly discernible; obvious rounding of abdomen; moderate abdominal fat pad.

8. Ribs not palpable with excess fat covering; waist absent; obvious rounding of abdomen with prominent abdominal fat pad; fat deposits present over lumbar area.

9. Ribs not palpable under heavy fat cover; heavy fat deposits over lumbar area, face and limbs; distention of abdomen with no waist; extensive abdominal fat deposits.

Again, with thanks to Purina and purina.com for providing this nice chart to help us evaluate our cats' body condition.

Enjoy your pets!

Live To Eat, obesity part II

We like to eat. Americans eat as a social bonding experience. Think about it. We eat at weddings, at wakes, at birthday parties and office meetings. Food is a part of how we interact with each other. First date? Dinner and a movie. Or coffee and a sweet roll. How many people meet for a jog in the park to discuss their day? Some, I'll grant you. But not most.

Our pets are part of our families, and we like to include them in our social eating. They like to be included in it, too. My dogs certainly will sit near the table in hopes of a last bite finding its way to them. We enjoy knowing our pets enjoy their meals just like we beam at the compliments our human guests give the food we prepare for them.

This leads to a couple problems- contributors to obesity issues. The gist is that our pets take in too many calories. Those little bites of people food add up quickly. A single french fry could be the caloric equivalent of a Big Mac for small dogs or cats. I'm not saying you cannot ever give a small treat, but we all need to be very aware of what we are putting in our pets' mouths.

What's that you say? Your pets never get table food. Awesome. They certainly will not miss out on needed nutrients. The pet foods of today are, generally speaking, nutritionally complete in and of themselves. This is a good thing. Like those funny square things people ate on the original Star Trek series, the brown kibble in the bowl has everything a cat or dog needs, neatly packaged and very appealing to their senses. Well, maybe too appealing.

Who buys the pet food? (Insert eye roll here) This is actually a pertinent question. It leads to the deeper question- to whom do pet food companies market their product? You and I, of course. And what makes us want to but a particular brand. If it is "nutritionally complete and tastes OK" are we going to run out and get it? How about a commercial that shows a dog run to two bowls, sniff them over, then choose the "one on the right?" Yep, that'll do it. Just like the Coke vs Pepsi blind taste test commercials. We want to be complimented on our choice of dinner. We see the compliment in the way our dogs wolf down the food and look for more. It's like dinner guests getting seconds.

So why am I bringing this up as a contributor to obesity? Here's an analogy: Say I'm hungry. Put a salad in front of me. A nice salad, maybe romaine and spinach, tomato, cucumber, a little cheese, yummy vinaigrette dressing. I will eat it until I am full.

 Now put brownies in front of me. With chocolate chips. I will eat until I am sick.  This is the issue with highly palatable pet foods. The ideal pet food would be just yummy enough that out pets would eat what calories they need for the day. Our newer generation of foods, while still nutritionally sound, tend to be delicious like brownies. So our pets will eat themselves sick, or obese, given the opportunity.

We tend to live to eat, rather than eat to live. This is a societal problem. And fortunately, the cure for our pets is pretty straightforward- feed them less. They are not driving through McD's on a whim. We control their calories. If your dog is getting a bit "fluffy," cut back the calories in and maybe work on increasing the calories out.

Enjoy your pets!

Purina's dog weight chart

chart and information courtesy of Ralston Purina

Evaluating your dog's weight How skinny is "pretty skinny"?  How heavy is "not as thin as he should be"?  The Purina body condition system provides a uniform way to describe a pet's weight, from "emaciated" to "grossly obese" EMACIATED Ribs, lumbar vertebrae, pelvic bones and all bony prominences evident form a distance.   No discernable body fat.  Obvious loss of muscle mass. VERY THIN Ribs, lumbar vertebrae and pelvic bones easily visible.  No palpable fat.  Some evidence of other bony prominence.  Minimal loss of muscle mass THIN Ribs easily palpated and may be visible with no palpable fat.  Tops of lumbar vertebrae visible.  Pelvic bones becoming prominent.  Obvious waist and abdominal tuck UNDERWEIGHT Ribs easily palpable, with minimal fat covering.  Waist easily noted, viewed form above.  Abdominal tuck evident. IDEAL Ribs palpable without excess fat covering.  Waist observed behind ribs when viewed from above.  Abdomen tucked when viewed from the side. OVERWEIGHT  Ribs palpable with slight excess fat covering.  Waist is discernable viewed from above but is not prominent.  Abdominal tuck apparent. HEAVY Ribs palpable with difficulty, heavy fat cover.  Noticeable fat deposits over lumbar area and base of tail. Waist absent or barely visible.  Abdominal tuck may be absent. OBESE  Ribs not palpable under heavy fat cover, or palpable only with significant pressure.   Heavy fat deposits over lumbar area and base of tail.  Waist absent.  No abdominal tuck.  Obvious abdominal distension may be present.  GROSSLY OBESE  Here you go- a great tool to help you decide where your dog falls in the weight catagories. Kudos to Purina for making this available!

picture from photobucket.com

Fat or Fluffy? obesity part I

Hi, my name is Kate, and I am obese. I am not alone. The stats they throw at us all day long say that 66% or more Americans are overweight or obese. This has rightly been labeled a health epidemic. There are many reasons for this problem of epidemic proportions, but it boils down to one or two simple issues. We like to eat. We like to eat too much. We like to eat too much of the wrong thing. Personally, I like sugar. In just about every form. Except mint- mint is yucky. Chocolate mint ice cream is just a waste of good chocolate.

We 66%ers take too many calories in. And we don't get enough good exercise to use them up. When the ins are higher than the outs, we get calories stored in the form of fat. Muffin tops. Love handles. Saddlebags. Bingo arms. You get the idea. Historically, bodies developed to store calories during the good times that would then be available for energy during the inevitable bad times. But in developed countries the bad times are pretty much non-existent.

So what does this have to do with pets, you ask. Everything. Our pets in the US share some of our health issues, and obesity is a big one. The same stats apply. As many as 66% of our cats and dogs are overweight and obese. So how can this be? My Bella doesn't get a sudden sugar craving at midnight, get into the freezer, pull out a pint of Ben and Jerry's and chow down. Nope. I feed her. So, again, how does she get fat? Where do we place the blame. Again, the basic issue is simple, but the context is a bit more complex.

Here's the thing. I am obese. My BMI is 31 (BMI is a height-to-weight calculation for people, you can find charts online). But my friends and family tell me I'm not obese. Not fat. They will occasionally agree that I am a bit overweight. Then they offer me dessert.

We are so used to seeing ourselves and others in a overweight state that we have lost perspective. We no longer know what is normal and healthy in our body types. This is true for our pets as well.  Many pet owners are so used to seeing their overweight pet they have no idea that it is not, in fact, normal. I frequently hear from pet owners with dogs of normal weight that they are badgered by friends, family and strangers about their dogs being underweight.

It's our fault. This is an important concept to get: our pet's obesity is OUR fault. We feed them. We overfeed and underexercise them. We have that control. So let's take that control back. In the end, we will have happier, healthier pets, who will likely be part of out lives longer.

Enough lecture for the moment. I will post part 2 soon. If you are interested in more information- like how to tell if your pet is overweight, exercise and diet strategies, and the long-term effects of obesity, talk to your vet. I will have an on-line lecture about weight issues linked through the website www.angelspaws.com. Feel free to listen to that one, and the other informational sessions Tammy Wynn and I are recording.!

Enjoy your pets!

 photobucket.com